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The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://serene.me.uk/tests/ham-d.pdf )〕 also called the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), abbreviated HAM-D, is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery.〔Hedlund JL, Viewig BW (1979) The Hamilton rating scale for depression: a comprehensive review. ''Journal of Operational Psychiatry'' 10:149-165〕 Max Hamilton originally published the scale in 1960〔Hamilton, M (1960) A rating scale for depression. ''Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry.'' 23: 56-62 PMID 14399272〕 and revised it in 1966,〔Hamilton M (1966) Assessment of change in psychiatric state by means of rating scales. ''Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' 59 (Suppl. 1): 10-13 PMID 5922401〕 1967,〔Hamilton, M (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. ''British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology'' 6: 278-96 PMID 6080235〕 1969,〔Hamilton, M (1969) Standardised assessment and recording of depressive symptoms. ''Psychiatria, Neurologia, Neurochirurgia.'' 72:201-205 PMID 5792061〕 and 1980.〔Hamilton, M (1980) Rating depressive patients. ''Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.'' 41: 21-24 PMID 7440521〕 The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms. Initially considered the "Gold Standard" for rating depression in clinical research, it is criticized as a test instrument for clinical practice in part because it places more emphasis on insomnia than on suicide ideas and gestures. An antidepressant may show statistical efficacy even when thoughts of suicide increase but sleep is improved, or for that matter, an antidepressant that as a side effect increase sexual and gastrointestinal symptom ratings may register as being less effective in treating the depression itself than it actually is. Hamilton maintained that his scale should not be used as a diagnostic instrument.〔Berrios G E & Bulbena A (1990) The Hamilton Depression Scale and the Numerical Description of the Symptoms of Depression. In Bech P & Coppen A (ed) ''The Hamilton Scales'', Heildeberg, Springer, pp80-92〕 The original 1960 version contains 17 items to be rated (HRSD-17), but four other questions are not added to the total score and are used to provide additional clinical information. Each item on the questionnaire is scored on a 3 or 5 point scale, depending on the item, and the total score is compared to the corresponding descriptor. Assessment time is estimated at 20 minutes. == Scoring == A score of 0-7 is considered to be normal. Scores of 20 or higher indicate moderate, severe, or very severe depression, and are usually required for entry into a clinical trial.〔HDRS-17: (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) ) at (University of Florida, College of Medicine ). Additional Questions Retrieved December 12, 2011.〕 Questions 18-20 may be recorded to give further information about the depression (such as whether diurnal variation or paranoid symptoms are present), but are not part of the scale. A structured interview guide for the questionnaire is available.〔Williams JBW (1989) A structured interview guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. ''Archives of General Psychiatry'' 45: 742-747. PMID 3395203〕 Although Hamilton's original scale had 17 items, other versions were developed to include up to 29 items (HRSD-29).〔HRSD-7: (7-ITEM HAMILTON RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION: HAMD-7 ) ''in'' (Official website of CANMAT: Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments ) Accessed June 30, 2008, ''and'' McIntyre R, Kennedy S, Bagby RM, Bakish DJ (2002) Assessing full remission. ''Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience'' 27: 235-239 PMID 12174732〕〔HRSD-21: (The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ) (to be administered by a health care professional) (presented as a service by GlaxoWellcome, February 1997) ''in'' (UMass HealthNet: Consumer Health Resources for Massachusetts Residents: Official website of the Lamar Soutter Library, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655 USA ). Retrieved June 27, 2008.〕〔HRSD-24: (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - 24 item ) (to be completed by a trained clinician) ''in'' ( FOCUS ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: MEDAFILE; Site constructed and maintained by J. Wesson Ashford, M.D., Ph.D., Stanford / VA Alzheimer's Center, Palo Alto VA Hospital, 3801 Miranda Way, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ). Retrieved June 27, 2008.〕〔HRSD-29: Williams JBW, Link MJ, Rosenthal NE, Terman M, Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Seasonal Affective Disorders Version (SIGHSAD). New York Psychiatric Institute, New York, 1988〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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